Devlet Saray Museum site
History
Crimean Tatars are the indigenous people of Crimea. Their number in the countries of the former USSR is approximately 500 thousand people (according to preliminary estimates). About 270 thousand Crimean Tatars returned to Crimea from deportation. The remaining part lives in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Russia. There are quite large diasporas of Crimean Tatars in Turkey, Romania, and the United States.
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The ethnic waves of Crimea were flooded with cultures, languages, and beliefs. Spilled on the plains of the steppes, mountain valleys, harbors of the coast, they were able to transform only the appearance of the Crimea. The core development of the peninsula - economic and cultural types - remained the same. The ethnic groups that inhabited the peninsula in ancient and medieval times were nomadic herders in the Steppe Crimea and settled farmers in the Gorny.
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The literature of the Crimean Tatar middle ages, conventionally dated to the beginning of the XIII—mid-XIX century, attracts increasing interest from both specialists and ordinary readers. Let's look at some questions about its history and characteristics.
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Crimean Tatar decorative art differs and fascinates with its beauty, expressiveness and restraint. As the art critic M. ya. Ginzburg noted,"...the greatest beauty, variety and richness of drawing, the most delicate range of colors reaches the artistic Tatar industry in weaving and embroidery production, in a variety of fabrics, amazingly colorful costumes, chadras and marams, belts...".
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The Crimean Tatars had an ancient tradition of craft production based on the use of local and partly imported raw materials. Social forms of organization and production technology, artistic design of products of Crimean Tatar artisans have experienced diverse cultural influences (Byzantine, Italian, Arabic, Iranian, Seljuk and Turkish-Ottoman). Evidence of these influences was not only the direct contacts of representatives of the peoples, but also the goods, a large number of which were supplied to the Crimea.
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The Crimean Tatar ornament is characterized by peculiar geometric directions on the surface of the fabric-horizontally, vertically, obliquely. The ornaments made by the steppe Crimean Tatars are dominated by horizontal lines. Colors at an angle are more often used in foothill areas. Ornaments of mountain masters differ in vertical coloring.
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